@article{oai:naruto.repo.nii.ac.jp:00028545,
 author = {ROBERT, Peter},
 journal = {鳴門教育大学国際教育協力研究, NUE Journal of International Educational Cooperation},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {Marshall Islands Standard Achievement Test (MISAT) (2018) clarifies that geometry is always the weakest mathematical area among most of the public primary and secondary schools in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The objective of this article is to foster Proactive Learning in Mathematics at Primary Schools in the Republic of the Marshall Islands through Concrete Pictorial Abstract (CPA). This article also indicates the situations of what worked and what did not work in the study. A total of eighty nine students from two primary schools participated in this study. However, due to the issue of absenteeism, the actual sample population was eighty students retrieved from thirty six students of school A (CC = 18 and EC = 18) and forty-four (CC = 24 and EC = 20) from School B. The experimental class (EC) and the controlled class (CC) were both taught by the author. The lesson structure of the EC composed of concrete-pictorial-abstract guided through collaboration and Japanese structured lesson format. However, the lesson structure of CC entailed lecturing and collaborative work. It appeared that there is no big difference between the average score of the EC and the CC in the pre-test and the post-test. The importance of CPA is to enhance proactive learning where students can proactively manipulate materials and have visualization while going toward abstract. Within each stage, it is dominant that every student understands basis and meaning of it. Using Japanese teaching approach through the manipulation of materials as scaffolding resulted as an effective approach to enhance students? higher level thinking skills.},
 pages = {17--24},
 title = {A Study to Foster Proactive Learning in Mathematics at Primary Schools in the Republic of the Marshall Islands through Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract (CPA) Approach},
 volume = {13},
 year = {2020}
}